Size distributions of non-volatile particle residuals (Dp<800 nm) at a rural site in Germany and relation to air mass origin

نویسندگان

  • C. Engler
  • D. Rose
  • B. Wehner
  • A. Wiedensohler
  • E. Brüggemann
  • T. Gnauk
  • G. Spindler
  • T. Tuch
چکیده

Atmospheric aerosol particle size distributions at a continental background site in Eastern Germany were examined for a one-year period. Particles were classified using a twin differential mobility particle sizer in a size range between 3 and 800 nm. As a novelty, every second measurement of this experiment involved the removal of volatile chemical compounds in a thermodenuder at 300C. This concept allowed to quantify the number size distribution of nonvolatile particle cores – primarily associated with elemental carbon, and to compare this to the original non-conditioned size distribution. As a byproduct of the volatility analysis, new particles originating from nucleation inside the thermodenuder can be observed, however, overwhelmingly at diameters below 6 nm. Within the measurement uncertainty, every particle down to particle sizes of 15 nm is concluded to contain a non-volatile core. The volume fraction of non-volatile particulate matter (non-conditioned diameter < 800 nm) varied between 10 and 30% and was largely consistent with the experimentally determined mass fraction of elemental carbon. The average size of the non-volatile particle cores was estimated as a function of original non-conditioned size using a summation method, which showed that larger particles (>200 nm) contained more non-volatile compounds than smaller particles (<50 nm), thus indicating a significantly different chemical composition. Two alternative air mass classification schemes based on either, synoptic chart analysis (Berliner Wetterkarte) or back trajectories showed that the volume and number fraction of non-volatile cores depended less on air mass than the total particle number concentration. In all air masses, the non-volatile size distributions showed a more and a less volatile (“soot”) mode, the latter being located at about 50 nm. During unstable conditions and in maritime air masses, smaller values were observed compared to Correspondence to: W. Birmili ([email protected]) stable or continental conditions. This reflects the significant emission of non-volatile material over the continent and, depending on atmospheric stratification, increased concentrations at ground level.

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Size distributions of non-volatile particle residuals and relation to air mass origin

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تاریخ انتشار 2007